National Cancer Report: Oncological crisis under high-pressure life
2020-04-13
In China, the morbidity and mortality of cancer have kept increasing at an annual rate of about 3.9% and 2.5% respectively. Cancer accounts for about 23.91% of the cause of death among residents. Malignant tumors have become one of the main causes of death among residents in China.
The high challenge of cancer power
Looking at the world, China's performance is quite "eye-catching". In 2012, the number of new cancer cases and cancer deaths in China accounted for 22% and 27% of the world ’s total cases, respectively, making it a "cancer power"
According to national cancer data released by the National Cancer Center in 2019, the number of new malignant tumor cases in China was 3.929 million, and the number of new cancer deaths was 2.338 million. Its rising "footsteps" have not stopped.
The top ten cancers in China: lung cancer 787,000, stomach cancer 403,000, colorectal cancer 388,000, liver cancer 370000, breast cancer 304,000, esophageal cancer 246,000, thyroid cancer 201,000, cervical cancer 111,000, brain tumor 106,000, Pancreatic cancer is 95,000.
The top ten cancers in China: lung cancer 631,000, liver cancer 326,000, stomach cancer 291,000, esophageal cancer 188,000, colorectal cancer 187,000, pancreatic cancer 85,000, breast cancer 70 thousand, brain tumor 56,000, leukemia 54,000, lymph 50,000 tumors
China's high-incidence cancer species have "Chinese characteristics", and more than 1/3 of new cases of lung cancer, more than 2/5 of new cases of gastric cancer and more than half of new and dead cases of liver cancer occur in China every year.
Middle-aged and elderly people, high incidence of cancer in all ages in the anti-cancer "high-pressure area"
Children 0-14 years old: cancer of the brain and nervous system, acute lymphoid cell, cell leukemia
Young and middle-aged 15-44 years old: lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer, middle-aged and elderly people after 45 years old, lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer. The incidence of cancer gradually increases with age, and rises rapidly after the age of 40, reaching the peak of the incidence at the age of 80, and the incidence of the population declines slightly after the age of 80.
Analyze the anti-cancer pressure of middle-aged people
With the advancement of medical methods, although breast cancer, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, etc. have higher morbidity, the prognosis is better, the mortality rate is lower, and the threat is relatively small, while lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and colorectal cancer are middle-aged The four killers faced by people.
Lung cancer:
Risk factors:
Smoking, secondhand smoke, PM2.5, insufficient fruit intake
Smoking is an important risk factor for lung cancer. More than 55% of people who die from lung cancer are related to smoking. And second-hand smoke is harming non-smokers, passive smoking is 1.3 times more likely to cause lung cancer than active smokers.
Gastric cancer:
Risk factors:
Helicobacter pylori, obesity, smoking, smoked processed meat dishes
Gastric cancer is a typical type of cancer that comes from the mouth. Helicobacter pylori infection is prone to occur in areas where dietary habits are not hygienic enough and screening is not widespread; pickled pickled vegetables, heavy grilled processed meats, etc. contain large amounts of nitrite carcinogens.
Liver cancer:
Risk factors:
Hepatitis B / C virus, smoking, obesity, diabetes, drinking alcohol. Over half of all liver cancer deaths in China are caused by the hepatitis B virus. Vaccination can prevent hepatitis B and C infection. Drinking alcohol for a long time will greatly damage our liver, and diabetes will increase the risk of death of liver cancer patients.
Colorectal cancer:
Risk factors:
Calcium intake is too low, dietary fiber intake is too low, obesity, red meat, smoking, high calcium intake of processed meat, diet rich in dietary fiber has a protective effect on the intestine, a large amount of red meat consumption will increase colorectal The risk of cancer.
Cancer burden of country and home
Loss of healthy life span: According to the latest data, cancer accounts for 23.91% of all causes of death among Chinese residents, and is one of the main causes of death among Chinese residents. In recent years, the annual morbidity and mortality of cancer in our country are still slowly rising, and there is a trend of younger onset. The health life loss caused by cancer in our country is serious, and its disability-adjusted life year accounts for 15.3% of all disability-adjusted life years, far exceeding the global average (7.8%).
Among them, lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, and colorectal cancer are the five types of cancer that cause the highest loss of healthy life.
Note: Disability-adjusted life years refer to the total years of healthy life lost from morbidity to death, including years of life lost due to early death due to disease and years of health life lost due to disability caused by disease.
Economic losses
The annual medical expenses caused by malignant tumors in our country exceed 220 billion yuan. The hospitalization costs of cancer patients are increasing year by year. It is estimated that the average hospitalization cost of a cancer patient is as high as 88,000 yuan. The huge medical expenses are a heavy burden for the family economy and social medical insurance funds.
Psychological influence
About 25% of cancer patients have experienced depressive symptoms during treatment, and lung cancer patients have the highest prevalence of depression (13.1%). Cancer patients have twice the risk of suicide as ordinary people, and childhood cancer survivors have a high risk of suicide as adults. In addition, the mental states of the spouses and children of cancer patients are also affected to varying degrees.
