Frequently asked questions about cancer prevention and treatment
2020-08-20
Can cancer be prevented?
(1) The World Health Organization proposes: one-third of cancers can be completely prevented; one-third of cancers can be cured through early detection; one-third of cancers can use existing medical measures to prolong life and relieve pain , Improve the quality of life.
(2) We can prevent and control cancer through tertiary prevention. Primary prevention is pathogenic prevention to reduce damage from external adverse factors; secondary prevention is early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment; tertiary prevention is to improve the quality of life , Extend survival time.
(3) International advanced experience shows that measures such as active prevention (such as health education, tobacco and alcohol restriction, early screening, etc.) and standardized treatment have a significant effect on reducing the incidence and death of cancer.
(4) In some areas where my country implemented comprehensive cancer prevention and control strategies earlier, the incidence and mortality of cancer have shown a downward trend.
What are the primary prevention measures for cancer?
Primary prevention is the prevention of the cause of the disease, reducing the damage of external adverse factors, thereby preventing the occurrence of cancer. Individuals practice a healthy lifestyle and change bad habits, such as quitting smoking, restricting alcohol, diversifying food, eating less pickled foods, controlling weight, exercising properly, maintaining a good mood, etc., while avoiding exposure to harmful environments; government implementation In the "Healthy China Action", the society promotes health literacy, strengthens environmental protection, identifies and protects against carcinogens and cancer-promoting agents in the environment, strengthens occupational protection, and provides relevant vaccines. These are all important cancer prevention measures.
What are the secondary prevention measures for cancer?
Secondary prevention means three early prevention: early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment. Individuals should receive health education, improve their health literacy, be alert to the early signs of cancer, participate in regular anti-cancer physical examinations, detect cancer or precancerous lesions as early as possible, and actively treat precancerous lesions. The government promotes cancer screening, diagnosis and standardized treatment.
Can changing an unhealthy lifestyle prevent cancer from occurring?
(1) The World Health Organization considers cancer to be a lifestyle disease. More than 40% of tumors can be prevented through a healthy lifestyle.
(2) Smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, unreasonable dietary habits, alcoholism, stress, and psychological stress are all risk factors for cancer and are closely related to cancer.
(3) Quitting smoking, restricting alcohol, a balanced diet, moderate exercise, and a good mood can effectively reduce the incidence of cancer.
(4) The occurrence of cancer is a process of accumulation of risk factors related to human life cycle. Cancer prevention and control is not just a matter for middle-aged and elderly people. It is necessary to pay attention to cancer prevention as early as possible, develop a healthy lifestyle from an early age, avoid exposure to carcinogenic factors such as tobacco and alcohol, and reduce the risk of cancer.
What are the symptoms of early cancer?
(1) Abnormal lumps appear on the superficial parts of the body.
(2) Moles and warts on the body surface darken or increase rapidly in a short period of time.
(3) Abnormal feelings in the body: choking, pain, etc.
(4) Unhealed ulcers of the skin or mucous membranes.
(5) Persistent indigestion and loss of appetite.
(6) Changes in stool habits and traits or blood.
(7) Persistent hoarseness, dry cough, blood in sputum.
(8) Abnormal hearing, nosebleeds, headache.
(9) Abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially contact bleeding.
(10) Painless hematuria and poor urination.
(11) Unexplained fever, fatigue, and progressive weight loss.
How to detect cancer early?
(1) The methods for early detection of cancer mainly include: one is self-observation and examination; the other is to go to the oncologist for cancer prevention examination.
(2) Cancers that can be detected by self-examination include skin cancer, malignant melanoma, oral cancer, tongue cancer, breast cancer, penile cancer, testicular cancer, and female vulvar cancer. Cancers that can find clues on their own are: nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, bowel cancer, cervical cancer, brain tumors, etc. Cancers of the kidney, bladder, and prostate can sometimes find suspicious clues from hematuria or dysuria.
What should I do if I have cancer?
(1) We must believe in science, choose regular hospitals to receive standardized treatment, and don't believe in remedies or false advertisements, so as not to delay the treatment time. Once delayed, cancer may metastasize.
(2) Standardized treatment is a scientific summary of long-term clinical treatment work. It is the basic guarantee to cure cancer to determine a comprehensive treatment plan based on the type of cancer and the stage of the disease.
(3) Cancer treatment methods include surgical treatment and non-surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatment includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, endocrine therapy, and traditional Chinese medicine. Specific treatment measures must be comprehensively determined according to various situations, and doctors must be followed. After all, doctors are the most professional personnel.
